SS-31 is a longevity & energy peptide. Typical research dosing is daily or 5x weekly, and the body of supporting research is phase 3 clinical trials.
SS-31 (also known as Elamipretide or Bendavia) is a synthetic tetrapeptide that targets the inner mitochondrial membrane. It was developed by Hazel Szeto and Peter Schiller (SS = Szeto-Schiller). In plain language: it helps your mitochondria produce energy more efficiently and protects them from oxidative damage. It has undergone clinical trials for heart failure and Barth syndrome (a mitochondrial disease). Browse the full peptide library for related longevity compounds.
The mechanism: SS-31 concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane and stabilizes cardiolipin, a lipid that is required for the electron transport chain to function properly. By stabilizing cardiolipin, SS-31 improves the efficiency of ATP production and dramatically reduces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are the primary driver of mitochondrial oxidative damage and aging. Less ROS means less cellular damage over time.
What does the research actually show? Clinical trials for Barth syndrome showed measurable improvements in cardiac function. Broader longevity applications are being studied but are earlier stage. In aging animal models, old mice given SS-31 showed improvements in exercise tolerance, heart function, and kidney function that returned them to levels seen in young animals. The question is whether supplementation in healthy people provides meaningful benefit or whether it is mainly useful for people with existing mitochondrial dysfunction.
What makes SS-31 unique among anti-aging peptides is its precise targeting mechanism. It selectively accumulates in the inner mitochondrial membrane rather than floating around the cell generally. For complementary mitochondrial support, consider stacking with NAD+ and MOTS-c. NAD+ provides the substrate for energy production. SS-31 improves the machinery. MOTS-c optimizes metabolic signaling. Together they form a comprehensive mitochondrial stack.
Dosing: Research protocols use 0.1 to 1mg per kg subcutaneous, typically daily during a protocol period. Most biohackers use 5 to 20mg daily for 4 to 8 week cycles. This is extrapolated from clinical data, not from specific biohacker trials. Start at the lower end and assess response.
In Philippines, SS-31 is available research-grade from regional suppliers. It is one of the more expensive research peptides due to synthesis complexity. For what to ask a seller, see the supply index. Verify purity via the COA guide. For legal context, see the peptide legality guide. For combining SS-31 with NAD+ IV therapy in the Philippines, see the NAD+ longevity guide.
SS-31 is often stacked with Epitalon for comprehensive longevity protocols. Epitalon targets telomeres (chromosomal aging). SS-31 targets mitochondria (cellular energy aging). The combination addresses two distinct mechanisms of cellular decline. For users combining mitochondrial peptides with immune support, thymosin alpha-1 is a common pairing for aging-related immune decline.
Cardiolipin Stabilization: SS-31 binds directly to cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, stabilizing the structure of mitochondrial cristae and improving electron transport chain efficiency.
ROS Reduction: By improving electron flow efficiency, SS-31 dramatically reduces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS): the primary driver of mitochondrial oxidative damage and aging.
ATP Production: Better mitochondrial efficiency means more ATP (cellular energy) produced per unit of fuel, improving cellular performance throughout the body.
| Phase | Dose | Frequency | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | 2–4mg | Once daily SC | 8–12 weeks |
| Cardiac Protocol | 4mg | Once daily | 12 weeks |
| Longevity Maintenance | 2mg | 5x weekly | Ongoing |
Always start at the lowest effective dose and titrate up gradually.
Turning a dose in milligrams into units on a syringe is arithmetic, not judgement. The reconstitution calculator does it for any vial size, and the rest of the calculator set covers cost per milligram and route comparison.
Vials at Primara Labs, our partner and supplier, ship from stock already inside the Philippines, so an order has no customs leg. Their catalogue is the shortest route to what is listed locally and at what price, and anything outside it goes through the same WhatsApp thread. View the Primara Labs catalogue
Some users notice improved energy early. Exercise tolerance may already be improving.
Sustained energy improvements. Faster recovery. Cardiovascular efficiency improving.
Full mitochondrial benefits established. Most users report feeling substantially more energetic.
Everything above is research framing. If you have got as far as wanting a vial, the catalogue at Primara Labs, our partner and supplier, is the shortest way to see what is held inside the Philippines and at what price. View the Primara Labs catalogue
Our partner and supplier
Primara Labs, our partner and supplier, ships from inventory already inside the Philippines, so there is no customs leg: vials are batch-numbered, Metro Manila orders dispatch same day, the rest of the country lands in one to three business days, and every order gets 10% off. The current list sits on one page, and anything you cannot see on it goes through the same WhatsApp thread.
View the Primara Labs catalogueThe supply index covers what to ask a seller before paying, and why quoted prices vary so widely.
Risk · Disclosure · Editorial Status
This page is editorial information for adults researching peptide therapy. It is not medical advice, not a prescription, and not an endorsement of any specific product, supplier, or protocol. Side effects can be serious and individual response varies. Talk to a licensed physician (ideally one with peptide-specific clinical experience) before starting any compound, adjusting a dose, or discontinuing therapy.
In the Philippines, GLP-1 medications are prescription-only under FDA Philippines regulation. Research-grade peptides occupy a regulatory gray area: import for personal research use is generally tolerated, but the Bureau of Customs reserves the right to inspect and detain shipments. Do not import for resale.
Editorial Status
Independent · Non-clinical
Affiliation
Not a clinic · Not a pharmacy
Last Updated
August 27, 2026
