Appetite suppression. GLP-1 acts on receptors in the brain that control hunger. Users consistently report dramatically reduced hunger and disappearance of constant food noise.
Slower gastric emptying. Food stays in your stomach longer, creating extended fullness. Also why eating too fast causes nausea: your stomach can't process it as quickly.
Improved insulin response. GLP-1s enhance insulin secretion in response to food, improving blood sugar control. This is why they were originally developed for type 2 diabetes.
Glucagon activation (retatrutide only). Retatrutide's third receptor directly increases metabolic rate. Your body burns more calories at rest, including stored fat. This explains the extra ~6% weight loss vs tirzepatide.